HbA1c is een biomarker voor hyperglycemie. HbA1c (geglyceerd hemoglobine, glycohemoglobine, A1c) ontstaat doordat glucose bindt aan hemoglobine in rode bloedcellen (niet-enzymatische glycering). Hoe hoger de bloedglucosespiegel, des te meer HbA1c wordt gevormd. Rode bloedcellen hebben een levensduur van circa 100 - 120 dagen. Het HbA1c-gehalte in rode bloedcellen correleert met de gemiddelde bloedglucosespiegel (ADAG, Ac1-derived average glucose) van de laatste 5 tot 12 weken.
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