De foetus en het jonge kind ontwikkelen hun hersenen in razend tempo. Bij de geboorte heeft het brein een omvang van ongeveer 400 mL, gelijk aan dat van een volwassen chimpansee. Op tweejarige leeftijd is het volume 1.000 mL en groeit daarna langzamer naar een maximum van 1.200 mL (vrouwen) en 1.300 mL (mannen).1-3 De connecties tussen neuronen bereiken duizelingwekkende aantallen en vele verdwijnen weer tussen het 2e en 16e levensjaar.4,4a Niet onverwacht zijn de hersenen in de vroege levensfase uitermate gevoelig voor ‘verstoringen’. Deze vormen een link met psychiatrische ziektes op late leeftijd, waarvan autisme5-13 en schizofrenie8,14-24 voorbeelden zijn.
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Referenties
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