Glycyrrhiza glabra
De zoete smaak van adaptatie

Fysiologische adaptatie bij stressbelasting is een fenomeen dat ondersteund kan worden met behulp van moleculen uit moeder Natuur. Adaptogenen in de vorm van gestandaardiseerde kruidenextracten kunnen een ‘staat van niet-specifieke weerstand’ tot stand brengen gericht tegen stressoren. Uit studies is gebleken dat adaptogenen bescherming kunnen bieden gericht tegen depressiviteit, angstbeleving, fysieke vermoeidheid en neurologische overbelasting. Deze werkzaamheid kan deels verlopen via modulerende werking van de hormoonassen bij herstel van de homeostase.1 De medicinale toepassing van zoethoutwortel (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is een voorbeeld van adaptogene beïnvloeding middels hormonale modulatie.

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Auteur

RW van Esch

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Referenties

  1. Panossian A and Wikman G. Effects of Adaptogens on the Central Nervous System and the Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Their Stress-Protective Activity. Pharmaceuticals 3: 188-224, 2010

  2. Lee MR. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): the journey of the sweet root from Mesopotamia to England. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 48: 378–82, 2018

  3. Yang R, Li W, Yuan B, Ma Y, Zhou S, et al. Simultaneous determination of 18 α-glycyrrhizic acid and 18 β-glycyrrhizic acid in three licorice samples from different origin by HPLC. Chin J Pharm Anal 36: 1065-1071, 2016

  4. Al-Snafi AE. Glycyrrhiza glabra: A phytochemical and pharmacological review IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy 8(6) Version I: 01-17, 2018

  5. Mills S and Bone K. Principles and Practices of Phytotherapy. Churchill Livingstone, 2010

  6. Lin D et al. Effect of Glycyrrhetinic Acid on Pharmacokinetics of Cortisone and Its Metabolite Cortisol in Rats. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Volume 2012

  7. Mackenzy MA et al. The influence of glycyrrhetinic acid on plasma cortisol and cortisone in healthy young volunteers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990 Jun;70(6):1637-43

  8. Yang R et al. The anti-inflammatory activity of licorice, a widely used Chinese herb. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1): 5-18, 2017

  9. Su XS, Chen HM, Wang LH, et al. Clinical and laboratory observation on the effect of glycyrrhizin in acute and chronic viral hepatitis. J Tradit Chin Med 4: 127-132, 1984

  10. Baba M, Shigeta S. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizin against Varicella-zoster virus in vitro. Antiviral Res 7: 99-107, 1987

  11. Ito M, Sato A, Hirabayashi K, et al. Mechanism of inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antiviral Res 10: 289-298, 1988

  12. Pompei R, Flore O, Marccialis MA, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid inhibits virus growth and inactivates virus particles. Nature 281: 689-690, 1979

  13. E.A.S. Al-Dujaili, C.J. Kenyon, M.R. Nicol, J.I. Mason. Liquorice and glycyrrhetinic acid increase DHEA and deoxycorticosterone levels by inhibiting adrenal SULT2Aactivity. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Elsevier 336 (1-2), 102, 2011

  14. Russell DW, Wilson JD. Steroid 5α-reductase: two genes/two enzymes. Ann Rev Biochem. 63:25–61, 1994

  15. Armanini D et al. Licorice consumption and serum testosterone in healthy man. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 111(6): 341-3, 2003

  16. Armanini D et al. Licorice reduces serum testosterone in healthy women. Steroids. 69(11-12): 763-6, 2004

  17. Fukui M et al. Glycyrrhizin and Serum Testosterone Concentrations in Male Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 26(10), 2003

  18. Armanini D et al. Licorice consumption and serum testosterone in healthy man. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes.  111(6): 341-3, 2003

  19. Powers CN, Setzer WN. A molecular docking study of phytochemical estrogen mimics from dietary herbal supplements. In Silico Pharmacology 3:4, 2015

  20. Simons R et al. Agonistic and antagonistic estrogens in licorice root. Anal Bioanal Chem 401: 305–313, 2011

  21. Hajirahimkhan A, Simmler C, Yuan Y, Anderson JR, Chen S-N, et al. Evaluation of Estrogenic Activity of Licorice Species in Comparison with Hops Used in Botanicals for Menopausal Symptoms. PLoS ONE 8(7), 2013

  22. Tamir S et al. Estrogenic and Antiproliferative Properties of Glabridin from Licorice in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Research 60: 5704–5709, 2000

  23. Rybacyk LA et al. An overlooked connection: serotonergic mediation of estrogen-related physiology and pathology. BMC Women's Health 5(12), 2005

  24. Dingra D, Sharma A. Evaluation of antidepressant-like activity of glycyrrhizin in mice. Indian J of Pharmacol. 37(6): 390-394, 2005

  25. Hatano T, Fukuda T, Miyase T, Noro T, Okuda T (1991) Phenolic constituents of licorice, part III. Chem Pharm Bull. 39(5): 1238-43, 1991

  26. Cui M, Ming-Zhang Ao, Wei Li , Long-Jiang Yu. Effect of Glabridin from Glycyrrhiza glabra on Learning and Memory in Mice. Planta Med 74(4): 377-380, 2008

  27. Simmler Ch , Pauli GF, and Chen SN. Phytochemistry and Biological Properties of Glabridin. Fitoterapia 0: 160–184, 2013

  28. Glycyrrhiza glabra, Monograph. Alternative Medicine Review 10(3), 2005 Panossian A and Wikman G. Effects of Adaptogens on the Central Nervous System and the Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Their Stress-Protective Activity. Pharmaceuticals 3: 188-224, 2010

  29. Lee MR. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): the journey of the sweet root from Mesopotamia to England. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 48: 378–82, 2018

  30. Yang R, Li W, Yuan B, Ma Y, Zhou S, et al. Simultaneous determination of 18 α-glycyrrhizic acid and 18 β-glycyrrhizic acid in three licorice samples from different origin by HPLC. Chin J Pharm Anal 36: 1065-1071, 2016

  31. Al-Snafi AE. Glycyrrhiza glabra: A phytochemical and pharmacological review IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy 8(6) Version I: 01-17, 2018

  32. Mills S and Bone K. Principles and Practices of Phytotherapy. Churchill Livingstone, 2010

  33. Lin D et al. Effect of Glycyrrhetinic Acid on Pharmacokinetics of Cortisone and Its Metabolite Cortisol in Rats. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Volume 2012

  34. Mackenzy MA et al. The influence of glycyrrhetinic acid on plasma cortisol and cortisone in healthy young volunteers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990 Jun;70(6):1637-43

  35. Yang R et al. The anti-inflammatory activity of licorice, a widely used Chinese herb. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1): 5-18, 2017

  36. Su XS, Chen HM, Wang LH, et al. Clinical and laboratory observation on the effect of glycyrrhizin in acute and chronic viral hepatitis. J Tradit Chin Med 4: 127-132, 1984

  37. Baba M, Shigeta S. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizin against Varicella-zoster virus in vitro. Antiviral Res 7: 99-107, 1987

  38. Ito M, Sato A, Hirabayashi K, et al. Mechanism of inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antiviral Res 10: 289-298, 1988

  39. Pompei R, Flore O, Marccialis MA, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid inhibits virus growth and inactivates virus particles. Nature 281: 689-690, 1979

  40. E.A.S. Al-Dujaili, C.J. Kenyon, M.R. Nicol, J.I. Mason. Liquorice and glycyrrhetinic acid increase DHEA and deoxycorticosterone levels by inhibiting adrenal SULT2Aactivity. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Elsevier 336 (1-2), 102, 2011

  41. Russell DW, Wilson JD. Steroid 5α-reductase: two genes/two enzymes. Ann Rev Biochem. 63:25–61, 1994

  42. Armanini D et al. Licorice consumption and serum testosterone in healthy man. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 111(6): 341-3, 2003

  43. Armanini D et al. Licorice reduces serum testosterone in healthy women. Steroids. 69(11-12): 763-6, 2004

  44. Fukui M et al. Glycyrrhizin and Serum Testosterone Concentrations in Male Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 26(10), 2003

  45. Armanini D et al. Licorice consumption and serum testosterone in healthy man. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes.  111(6): 341-3, 2003

  46. Powers CN, Setzer WN. A molecular docking study of phytochemical estrogen mimics from dietary herbal supplements. In Silico Pharmacology 3:4, 2015

  47. Simons R et al. Agonistic and antagonistic estrogens in licorice root. Anal Bioanal Chem 401: 305–313, 2011

  48. Hajirahimkhan A, Simmler C, Yuan Y, Anderson JR, Chen S-N, et al. Evaluation of Estrogenic Activity of Licorice Species in Comparison with Hops Used in Botanicals for Menopausal Symptoms. PLoS ONE 8(7), 2013

  49. Tamir S et al. Estrogenic and Antiproliferative Properties of Glabridin from Licorice in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Research 60: 5704–5709, 2000

  50. Rybacyk LA et al. An overlooked connection: serotonergic mediation of estrogen-related physiology and pathology. BMC Women's Health 5(12), 2005

  51. Dingra D, Sharma A. Evaluation of antidepressant-like activity of glycyrrhizin in mice. Indian J of Pharmacol. 37(6): 390-394, 2005

  52. Hatano T, Fukuda T, Miyase T, Noro T, Okuda T (1991) Phenolic constituents of licorice, part III. Chem Pharm Bull. 39(5): 1238-43, 1991

  53. Cui M, Ming-Zhang Ao, Wei Li , Long-Jiang Yu. Effect of Glabridin from Glycyrrhiza glabra on Learning and Memory in Mice. Planta Med 74(4): 377-380, 2008

  54. Simmler Ch , Pauli GF, and Chen SN. Phytochemistry and Biological Properties of Glabridin. Fitoterapia 0: 160–184, 2013

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